In an unpredictable world, having a reliable food supply is crucial for any prepper. Whether you’re bracing for a natural disaster, a power outage, or simply trying to minimize trips to the store, knowing how to preserve food can make all the difference.
Food preservation is essential to keep your family well-fed during tough times. Below are a variety of food preservation methods every prepping family should know. Each option allows you to store your food safely and for the long haul, some options are more long-term solutions than others though. If you know you have a hurricane coming, then you can opt for a shorter term solution. If you are preparing for the unknown, then choose longer term options.
Choose the preservation method that works best for your situation. We will be creating a series of articles around each of these food preservation methods to help you learn more about each!Â
Canning (Water Bath and Pressure Canning)
Canning is a classic food preservation method that seals food in jars and heats them to a temperature that destroys bacteria. Water bath canning works best for high-acid foods like fruits and jams, while pressure canning is needed for low-acid foods like vegetables and meats.
By removing oxygen and sealing the food in airtight containers, canning can extend the shelf life of your harvest or groceries by months or even years. Be sure to follow proper canning guidelines to avoid spoilage or contamination.
Freezing
Freezing is one of the simplest ways to preserve food and can be used for just about anything, from fruits and vegetables to meats and baked goods. It slows down the growth of bacteria and mold, keeping food fresh for months.
However, freezing requires a reliable power source, so it may not be ideal for long-term emergencies. To maximize freezer space, consider freezing foods flat in bags and stacking them.
As a mom, I’ve found freezing leftovers to be a game-changer. It’s a quick way to build up a stash of ready-to-go meals for those busy nights when you just don’t have the energy to cook from scratch
Dehydrating
Dehydrating removes moisture from food, making it inhospitable to bacteria and mold. You can use a dehydrator, an oven, or even the sun for this process. Dehydrated foods, like fruits, vegetables, and jerky, are lightweight and last for months or even years.
If you have kids, dehydrated fruits can be healthy, homemade snacks that last longer than fresh fruit. Plus, you can toss them into your emergency kit, and they won’t take up much space!
Freeze Drying
Freeze drying is a high-tech preservation method that removes almost all the water from food while keeping its shape, flavor, and nutrients intact. Freeze-dried foods, such as fruits, veggies, and even full meals, have an extremely long shelf life.
While freeze-dried food can be expensive, investing in a home freeze dryer (if you have the budget) means you can make your own freeze-dried meals—something I’d love to do when I’m feeling particularly organized!
Fermenting
Fermenting uses beneficial bacteria to preserve food and works wonders with vegetables like cabbage (hello, sauerkraut!) and cucumbers (for homemade pickles). The fermentation process produces acids that keep harmful bacteria at bay.
I started fermenting a few years ago, and it’s such a satisfying method because you’re not just preserving food—you’re also making it healthier. My kids have even started to enjoy homemade pickles, and that’s a mom win!
Pickling
Pickling preserves food by soaking it in an acidic solution, usually vinegar, or fermenting it in brine. Pickles, beets, and other vegetables can be stored for long periods thanks to the acidic environment that prevents spoilage.
Pickling is a great way to use up excess produce from your garden, and it can be done with or without a canning process. It adds tangy flavor and crunch to your meals, even during emergencies.
Salting/Curing
Salting and curing involve using salt to draw out moisture from foods like meats and fish. Salt inhibits bacteria growth, allowing the food to be stored for extended periods without refrigeration.
This method is perfect for preserving meats, especially when access to refrigeration is limited. Just be sure to use the correct amount of salt and follow recipes carefully to avoid spoilage.
Smoking
Smoking combines curing and slow cooking at low temperatures to preserve meat, fish, and even cheese. The smoke adds flavor while also protecting the food from bacteria and pests.
This method works best for foods that you want to store for several months. Smoking is a great skill to learn, especially if you enjoy hunting or fishing. If you love BBQ like we do, smoking meats for preservation is almost a no-brainer. My kids absolutely love the smoked salmon we make, and knowing it’s also stored for a while brings peace of mind.
Root Cellaring/Cold Storage
Root cellaring uses naturally cool, damp environments to store fruits and vegetables for months. Items like potatoes, carrots, and apples do well in a root cellar or cold storage, as long as they are kept in the right conditions.
This method requires no electricity, which is such a relief when the power goes out. Plus, there’s something so comforting about knowing you have fresh produce stashed away, even when the garden is bare.
Vacuum Sealing
Vacuum sealing removes air from bags or containers to keep food fresh. It works for both dry goods and frozen items, significantly extending their shelf life.
Pair vacuum sealing with freezing or dry storage for optimal results. This method is excellent for keeping food fresh longer and preventing freezer burn. When you have a big family, stocking up is a must, and vacuum sealing makes sure nothing goes bad before we can use it all.
Sugaring
Sugaring involves preserving fruits in sugar or syrup, much like making jams or jellies. The high sugar content prevents bacterial growth, allowing the food to be stored for long periods.
This method works best for fruits and can create delicious sweet treats that last, even in emergencies.
I always feel a bit like a kitchen wizard when I turn leftover summer fruits into jam. It’s a fun (and sweet!) way to keep fruit around longer, and the kids love it on toast.
Alcohol Immersion
Preserving food in alcohol, such as fruit in brandy or rum, creates a hostile environment for bacteria and mold. Alcohol-soaked fruits and herbs can be stored for months or even years.
This method not only preserves food but also infuses the alcohol with flavors, making it great for both long-term storage and special occasions. This is a shorter term solution though – in a dark storage area they may last a few months at the most.Â
Oil Packing
Oil packing involves submerging foods like vegetables, herbs, or fish in oil to prevent air exposure. This method works particularly well for preserving foods like sun-dried tomatoes or anchovies.
However, it’s important to store oil-packed foods in cool, dark places to avoid rancidity. It’s a useful method for keeping food flavorful and ready to use.
I once made a batch of homemade sun-dried tomatoes and packed them in olive oil. Let me tell you, they were the highlight of our winter salads! Plus, it’s one of those methods that makes you feel like a gourmet chef.
Dry Storage
Dry storage is a simple and effective way to keep grains, beans, and dried goods safe from pests and moisture. Storing food in airtight containers in a cool, dry place can extend its shelf life for months or years.
This is one of the most low-maintenance methods and works well for bulk storage of pantry staples.
Waxing
Waxing involves coating certain fruits and cheeses in wax to protect them from air and moisture. This method helps extend the shelf life of items like apples, cheese, and even eggs.
Waxing is a simple yet effective way to preserve food without refrigeration, making it a great option for emergency preparedness.
Pasteurization
Pasteurization is the process of heating liquids to kill harmful bacteria, making it a safe method for preserving dairy, juices, and even some canned foods.
While this method requires equipment and precise timing, it is an important preservation technique for those who want to extend the life of liquids.
Though most store-bought dairy is already pasteurized, it’s good to know this technique if you ever find yourself with a surplus of raw milk or juice.
Irradiation
Irradiation uses controlled amounts of radiation to kill bacteria and parasites in food. It is commonly used for meats and some fruits and vegetables.
This method isn’t typically done at home but is worth knowing about as it can extend the shelf life of certain store-bought foods.
Confit (Preserving in Fat)
Confit is a method where meat is slowly cooked in its own fat and then stored in that fat, which acts as a sealant against air. This was traditionally used for duck or pork but can work for other meats too.
This method keeps meat moist and flavorful while also preserving it for months. It’s perfect for those who raise livestock or hunt.
Jugging
Jugging involves preserving meat in its own juices, often in a sealed jug or container. It was commonly used for game meat like rabbit or venison.
This method isn’t as common today but can be useful in survival situations when refrigeration isn’t available.
Burial (in Sand or Soil)
Burying food in sand or soil can keep it cool and protect it from animals and pests. Root vegetables, like carrots and potatoes, can be buried for months without spoiling.
This is a low-tech and low-cost method that’s perfect for those with access to outdoor space.
Drying/Sun Drying
Drying, including sun drying, involves removing moisture from food to preserve it. It works well for fruits, vegetables, and even meats like jerky.
If you live in a hot, dry climate, sun drying is an excellent way to preserve food without using electricity.
Jellying
Jellying uses gelatin or pectin to create a jelly-like substance around food. It works well for fruits and some meats, helping to extend their shelf life.
This method is especially useful for creating spreads and desserts that can be stored for long periods.
Candying/Crystallizing
Candying involves preserving fruits by cooking them in sugar syrup until they crystallize. This method makes the food shelf-stable and delicious.
Candying is a great way to use up excess fruit and create sweet treats that can last for months.
Potting
Potting involves preserving meat by cooking it and then sealing it in fat or butter. The fat creates an airtight seal that keeps the meat from spoiling.
This method was traditionally used before refrigeration and is still a reliable way to store meat long-term. But caution does need to be taken as botulism can be a risk if not prepared and stored properly.Â
Pemmican Making
Pemmican is a mixture of dried meat, fat, and sometimes berries, which is compact and nutrient-dense. It was originally made by Native Americans and is a fantastic survival food. But, many preppers have not heard of it, me included. That is why I added it to my overlooked survival foods list!Â
Pemmican lasts for years without refrigeration, making it an ideal food for long-term storage and emergencies. Though I haven’t made pemmican myself – yet, I will be adding it to my food storage. It’s dense, nutritious, and lasts forever—what more could you ask for in survival food?
Cheesemaking
Cheesemaking involves turning milk into cheese, which naturally preserves the milk for extended periods. Some cheeses can last for years when properly stored.
Making your own cheese is a great way to preserve dairy and add variety to your emergency food supplies.
Egg Preservation Methods (Water Glassing, Mineral Oil Coating)
Egg preservation can be done by either water glassing (storing eggs in a lime solution) or coating them with mineral oil to block air. These methods allow eggs to last for months without refrigeration.
This is a great way to keep fresh eggs available when hens aren’t laying or refrigeration isn’t an option.
Honey Preservation
Honey is a natural preservative and never spoils, as long as it is stored properly. It can be used to preserve fruits or as a long-term sweetener. Since honey never goes bad, it’s an essential item for any prepper’s pantry! You can also make honey powder for even longer term storage!Â
Vinegar Preservation
Vinegar’s acidic nature makes it an excellent preservative for pickling vegetables, fruits, and even meats. It prevents the growth of harmful bacteria and mold.
Vinegar is versatile and can be used to preserve a variety of foods, making it a staple in every prepper’s kitchen.
Learning how to preserve food is a valuable skill for anyone preparing for emergencies. These food preservation methods give you plenty of options, whether you’re dealing with fresh produce, meats, or dairy.Â
From traditional methods like canning and freezing to more unique techniques like confit and lye curing, there’s a preservation method for every type of food. By mastering a few of these, you’ll be well-equipped to provide for your family during any crisis!
Canned Goods To Keep on Hand for Emergency Food Storage
Food preservation is a great option, but having some canned goods on hand for emergencies is a great option as well. Using preservation techniques with canned good storage will set your family to be ready for anything!Â
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